| Vaccary | Ref 1-1162 |
The remains of vaccary walls can still be seen in the district. These were often made of flags erected vertically.
Compare with Bercary & Vivary.
See Instauratores, Saltonstall, Shackleton and Tunstall
| Vaccination | Ref 1-881 |
| Vagrant Acts | Ref 1-1164 |
be banished beyond the seasand opened the way for transportation to the American colonies
The terms vagrants, beggars, sturdy rogues, and idle poor - were used in the Poor Law system to describe those people who could work but refused to. In the 16th / 17th century, they were regarded as potential criminals who were likely to do mischief when hired for the purpose. They were considered to be people needing punishment, and were often whipped in the market place as an example to others, or sometimes sent to houses of correction
| Valley | Ref 1-713 |
With the appearance of the railways and the turnpike which followed the easy valley route – especially those which crossed rivers – the population moved down into the valley and these newer centres superseded the hill villages:
The elements Bottom, Clough, Den, Dene, Hope, Mir, Op, Rake, Slack and Slead are used in local place names to indicate a valley
| Value of Money | Ref 1-V1 |
| Variolation | Ref 1-2452 |
| Vassal | Ref 1-1166 |
See Fealty
| VE Day | Ref 1-2511 |
| Veil | Ref 1-1192 |
When a lady with extensive lands became widowed, she would often be married to another man who would purchase that right, without her having any say in the matter. Her only alternative would be to enter a convent.
On 3 July [1482], William, Bishop of Dromore, was commissioned to veil Alice, widow of Sir John Savile
| Vellum | Ref 1-1197 |
Edwards of Halifax developed a process for rendering vellum transparent and then painting or drawing designs on the underside. The vellum was first soaked in a solution of pearl ash – potassium carbonate – and then subjected to high pressure
| Velvet | Ref 1-2911 |
Samuel Cunliffe Lister designed a velvet loom for weaving such piled fabrics.
| Velveteen | Ref 1-2902 |
| Venereal disease | Ref 1-822 |
| Venison | Ref 1-V4 |
| Vermin | Ref 1-333 |
| Vert | Ref 1-911 |
| Vert | Ref 1-V5 |
| Vestry | Ref 1-1488 |
See Parish Vestry, Sacristy and Todmorden & Walsden Select Vestry
| Viaducts | Ref 1-V9 |
| Viands | Ref 1-V10 |
| Vicar | Ref 1-1738 |
In 1548, Parliament decided that priests may marry.
The vicar did not receive full tithes. There is now no difference between a vicar and a rector
See Vicars
| Vicar Rate | Ref 1-767 |
There was much opposition – especially amongst Nonconformists – to the rate in the 19th century, including Rev Dr Enoch Mellor and Thomas Theodore Ormerod.
Because of difficulties with the Vicar Rate, the living at Halifax was vacant for some time following the death of Rev Charles Musgrave and the appointment of Rev Dr Francis Pigou.
It was abandoned in 1877.
See Chapelry, Halifax Anti-Vicar Rate Association and Halifax Tithe Commutation Bill
| Vicars of ... | Ref 1-V3 |
| Victoria | Ref 1-V64 |
She was succeeded by her son, Edward.
In July 1864, a bust of Queen Victoria – by sculptor Marshall Wood – was placed in the centre hall of Halifax Town Hall. It was inscribed
Presented to the Corporation of Halifax by John Crossley, Mayor, 1862-1863
It was in the same style as one of Prince Albert, presented by the Mayor, and the last of 4 Royal busts in the hall.
See Jubilee
| Vidonia | Ref 1-V11 |
| Vill | Ref 1-2437 |
See Nomina Villarum and Social Classes
This & associated entries use material contributed by Joanne Backhouse
| Villan | Ref 1-2229 |
| Villein | Ref 1-2247 |
A villager who belonged chiefly to the Lord of the manors.
They were either villanes regardant, annexed to the manor or land, or they were in gross, or at large, and annexed to the person of the Lord and transferrable by deed from one owner to another. They could not leave their Lord without his permission. They held small portions of land by way of sustaining themselves and families, but it was at the mere will of the Lord who might dispossess them whenever he pleased. They were employed in
rustic works of the most sordid kind
such as to carry out dung, hedge and ditch the Lord's demesnes. Their services were not only base but uncertain, both as to their time and quantity. A villein could not acquire property, either in land or goods, but if he purchased either the Lord might seize them to his own use. Children of villeins were in the same state of bondage with their parents.
In the 12th century, it was not uncommon for a big landowner to give one of his villeins to the monks at a local monastery.
This & associated entries use material contributed by Joanne Backhouse
| Vinolia | Ref 1-1278 |
| Virgate | Ref 1-1698 |
The name comes from the Latin word virga meaning a rod
| Visitation of God | Ref 1-959 |
Instances of this verdict include Charlotte, the wife of James Lightowler
| Vitadatio | Ref 1-1277 |
Locally, it was manufactured by one of Palmer's descendants at Armley, Leeds. It was sold around the world and was still being advertised in Britain in the early 1950s, although of course they were not making the same wild claims for it since that kind of advertising was banned under the Patent Medicines Bill [1935]
This & associated entries use material contributed by Alan Thomas
| Vitriol | Ref 1-2703 |
See Thomas Outram and Shelf Vitriol Works
| Vivary | Ref 1-957 |
Compare with Bercary & Vaccary
This & associated entries use material contributed by Joanne Backhouse
| Volunteer Training Corps | Ref 1-1083 |
A voluntary home defence during World War I.
A means of service for men who were over age, or unable to serve on account of family, business or other commitments.
| Vulcan | Ref 1-V7 |
Page Ref: B113_V
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